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'<p><img src=\'https://www.puerwang.cn/uploadfile/2018/0418/82e11e76.jpg\' /></p><p>　紫砂壶,是中国特有的，集诗词、绘画、雕刻、手工制造于一体的陶土工艺品。</p><p><br>　紫砂壶的原产地在江苏宜兴,故又名宜兴紫砂壶</p><p>　紫砂壶的起源一直可以上溯到春秋时代的越国大地范蠡，就是那位功成身退的与西施一起退隐江湖的"陶朱公"。数来已有二千四百多年的历史了！ 不过，紫砂做成壶，那还是明武宗正德年间以后的事情。从此蔚成风气，名家辈出，花色品种不断翻新，五百年间不断有精品传世。发展到今天，可谓巧夺天工，技绝寰字。</p><p><strong>　【紫砂壶的起源】</strong></p><p><br>尧臣、蔡襄、苏东坡这些大文豪都留下了一些咏茶名篇、名句。其中梅尧臣的"小石冷泉留早味，紫泥新品泛春华"堪称千古绝唱，讲的就是用紫砂陶壶烹茶。当然最讲究、最有创造精神的要数苏东坡了。他总结出"活水还须活火烹，自临钓石取深情。"用活水、江流深水煎茶，味道会不同凡响，更加清醇清远。</p><p>　到了明代饮茶的方法发生了很大的变化，1595年张源撰写的《茶录》对沏茶的程序，做了详尽的介绍： "探汤纯熟便取起，先注少许壶中，祛汤冷气，倾出，然后投茶，茶多寡宜酌，不可过中失正……两壶后又用冷水汤涤，使壶凉洁，不则减茶香矣。" 这与今天的沏茶方法没有什么不同。 烹茶演变为沏茶，对茶壶的质地要求就相对高了，通过千百年来的实践，人们发现，用紫砂壶泡茶，茶味隽永醇厚，由于紫砂壶能吸收茶叶汁，用的时间愈长，泡出的茶叶味道就愈好。</p><p>　于是，紫砂壶也就应运而生，制作紫砂壶的高手、名家、大师也就一个个走到历史的前台，他们的名字和业绩与紫砂壶的兴衰交织在一起。</p><p>　通常的说法，紫砂壶的创始人是明代正德--嘉靖时的龚春（供春）。 "余从祖拳石公读书南山，携一童子名供春，见土人以泥为缸，即澄其泥以为壶，极古秀可爱，所谓供春壶也。"（吴梅鼎：《阳羡瓷壶赋·序》） 供春壶，当时人称赞"栗色暗暗，如古今铁，敦庞周正。"短短12个字，令人如见其壶。 可惜供春壶已不得见，现在流传的供春壶多是仿品。当代宜兴紫砂大师顾景舟先生的一件仿品，价格也在20万港币左右，足见供春壶的艺术价值多么珍贵。</p><p>　龚春传时大彬、李仲芬。二人与时大彬的弟子徐友泉并称为万历以后的明代三大紫砂"妙手"。 时大彬的紫砂壶风格高雅脱俗，造型流畅灵活，虽不追求工巧雕琢，但匠心独运，朴雅坚致，妙不可思。他的高足徐友泉晚年自叹："吾之精，终不及时（时大彬）之粗也。" 徐友泉，手工精细，擅长将古代青铜器的形制做成紫砂壶，古拙庄重，质朴浑厚。传说，徐友泉幼年拜时大彬为师学艺，恳求老师为他捏一头泥牛，时不允。此时一真牛从屋外经过，徐急中生智抢过一把泥料，跑到屋外，对着真牛捏了起来，时大加赞赏，认为他很有才华，于是欣然授其全部绝活，后来果然自成一家。</p><p>　以上四人为第一期时代的紫砂壶大师。 第二期紫砂壶大师为清初人陈鸣远、惠孟臣。 陈鸣远以生活中常见的栗子、核桃、花生、菱角、慈菇、荸荠的造型入壶，工于精雕细镂，善于堆花积泥，使紫砂壶的造型更加生动、形象、活泼，使传统的紫砂壶变成了有生命力的雕塑艺术品，充满了生气与活动。同时，他还发明在壶底书款，壶盖内盖印的形式，到清代形成固定的工艺程序，对紫砂壶的发展产生了重大影响。</p><p>　由于陈鸣远的作品出神入化，名震一时，故仿品、赝品大量出现。顾景舟先生说，从少年习艺，直至暮年，半个多世纪中他也只见到几件真品，收藏家要特别小心以防走眼。 明末天启、崇祯年间的惠孟臣，长于制作小壶，以小胜大。孟臣壶以竹刀划款，以器盖内有"永林"篆书小印者为精品。 第三期紫砂壶大师是清代中叶嘉庆、道光年间的陈鸿寿和杨彭年。 陈鸿寿，是清代中期的著名书画家、篆刻家。艺术主张创新，他倡导"诗文书画，不必十分到家"，但必须要见"天趣"。他把这一艺术主张，付诸紫砂陶艺。第一大贡献，是把诗文书画与紫砂壶陶艺结合起来，在壶上用竹刀题写诗文，雕刻绘画。第二大贡献，他凭着天赋，随心所欲地即兴设计了诸多新奇款式的紫砂壶，为紫砂壶创新带来了勃勃生机。</p><p>　他与杨彭年的合作，堪称典范。现在我们见到的嘉庆年间制作的紫砂壶，壶把、壶底有"彭年"二字印，或"阿曼陀室"印的，都是由陈鸿寿设计、杨彭年制作的，后人称之为"曼生壶"。陈鸿寿使紫砂陶艺更加文人化，制作技术虽不如明代中期精妙，但对后世影响很大。 杨彭年首创捏嘴新工艺，他不用模子，信手捏来，随意而成，颇具天趣。 乾隆以后，伴随着清王朝的衰落颓势，紫砂壶的制作也愈来愈不景气。 值得一提的是嘉道年间的邵大亨，他为陈鸣远以后的一代高手，其它如邵友兰、邵友廷、蒋德休、黄玉麟、程寿珍诸人，则一代不如一代。更多的是因循守旧，很少创新，制作工艺也日渐草率荒疏。 当代的紫砂大师，首推顾景舟老先生，顾老潜心紫砂陶艺六十余年，炉火纯青，登峰造极，名传遐迩。其余如朱可心、高海庚、裴石民、王寅春、吴云根、徐秀棠、李昌鸿、沈蘧华、顾绍培、汪寅仙、吕尧臣、徐汉棠、蒋蓉等也各自身怀绝技，各有专长，皆为一时俊才。</p>'

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'紫砂壶基本知识要点（一）_普洱茶文化_中华普洱茶网'

'紫砂壶,彭年,紫砂,陈鸿,制作,陶艺,宜兴,大师,年间,正德,嘉庆,苏东坡,诗文,天趣,一代,寰字,如见,造型,越国,范蠡'

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        'pagesize' => '20',
        'show' => 'show.html',
        'category' => 'category.html',
        'list' => 'list.html',
        'search' => 'search.html',
      ),
      'admin' => 
      array (
        2 => 
        array (
          'show' => '1',
          'add' => '1',
          'edit' => '1',
          'del' => '1',
        ),
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      'member' => 
      array (
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      'html' => 1,
      'urlrule' => 5,
    ),
    'displayorder' => '0',
    'acount' => '7433',
    'mid' => 'article',
    'pcatpost' => 1,
    'topid' => '24',
    'catids' => 
    array (
      0 => '24',
    ),
    'is_post' => 1,
    'tid' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.puerwang.cn/puerchazhishi/index.html',
    'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
    'field' => 
    array (
    ),
  ),
  25 => 
  array (
    'id' => '25',
    'pid' => '0',
    'pids' => '0',
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    'pdirname' => '',
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    'ismain' => '1',
    'childids' => 25,
    'thumb' => '',
    'show' => '1',
    'setting' => 
    array (
      'edit' => '0',
      'linkurl' => '',
      'seo' => 
      array (
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      'template' => 
      array (
        'pagesize' => '20',
        'show' => 'show.html',
        'category' => 'category.html',
        'list' => 'list.html',
        'search' => 'search.html',
      ),
      'admin' => 
      array (
        2 => 
        array (
          'show' => '1',
          'add' => '1',
          'edit' => '1',
          'del' => '1',
        ),
      ),
      'member' => 
      array (
      ),
      'html' => 1,
      'urlrule' => 5,
    ),
    'displayorder' => '0',
    'acount' => '5069',
    'mid' => 'article',
    'pcatpost' => 1,
    'topid' => '25',
    'catids' => 
    array (
      0 => '25',
    ),
    'is_post' => 1,
    'tid' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.puerwang.cn/puerchawenhua/index.html',
    'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
    'field' => 
    array (
    ),
  ),
  26 => 
  array (
    'id' => '26',
    'pid' => '0',
    'pids' => '0',
    'name' => '普洱茶人物',
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    'pdirname' => '',
    'child' => 0,
    'disabled' => '0',
    'ismain' => '1',
    'childids' => 26,
    'thumb' => '',
    'show' => '1',
    'setting' => 
    array (
      'edit' => '0',
      'linkurl' => '',
      'seo' => 
      array (
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      'template' => 
      array (
        'pagesize' => '20',
        'show' => 'show.html',
        'category' => 'category.html',
        'list' => 'list.html',
        'search' => 'search.html',
      ),
      'admin' => 
      array (
        2 => 
        array (
          'show' => '1',
          'add' => '1',
          'edit' => '1',
          'del' => '1',
        ),
      ),
      'member' => 
      array (
      ),
      'html' => 1,
      'urlrule' => 5,
    ),
    'displayorder' => '0',
    'acount' => '1712',
    'mid' => 'article',
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    'catids' => 
    array (
      0 => '26',
    ),
    'is_post' => 1,
    'tid' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.puerwang.cn/puercharenwu/index.html',
    'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
    'field' => 
    array (
    ),
  ),
  27 => 
  array (
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    'pid' => '0',
    'pids' => '0',
    'name' => '普洱茶养生',
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    'pdirname' => '',
    'child' => 0,
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    'ismain' => '1',
    'childids' => 27,
    'thumb' => '',
    'show' => '1',
    'setting' => 
    array (
      'edit' => '0',
      'linkurl' => '',
      'seo' => 
      array (
      ),
      'template' => 
      array (
        'pagesize' => '20',
        'show' => 'show.html',
        'category' => 'category.html',
        'list' => 'list.html',
        'search' => 'search.html',
      ),
      'admin' => 
      array (
        2 => 
        array (
          'show' => '1',
          'add' => '1',
          'edit' => '1',
          'del' => '1',
        ),
      ),
      'member' => 
      array (
      ),
      'html' => 1,
      'urlrule' => 5,
    ),
    'displayorder' => '0',
    'acount' => '4059',
    'mid' => 'article',
    'pcatpost' => 1,
    'topid' => '27',
    'catids' => 
    array (
      0 => '27',
    ),
    'is_post' => 1,
    'tid' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.puerwang.cn/puerchayangsheng/index.html',
    'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
    'field' => 
    array (
    ),
  ),
  28 => 
  array (
    'id' => '28',
    'pid' => '0',
    'pids' => '0',
    'name' => '普洱茶品牌',
    'dirname' => 'puerchapinpai',
    'pdirname' => '',
    'child' => 0,
    'disabled' => '0',
    'ismain' => '1',
    'childids' => 28,
    'thumb' => '',
    'show' => '1',
    'setting' => 
    array (
      'edit' => '0',
      'linkurl' => '',
      'seo' => 
      array (
      ),
      'template' => 
      array (
        'pagesize' => '20',
        'show' => 'show.html',
        'category' => 'category.html',
        'list' => 'list.html',
        'search' => 'search.html',
      ),
      'admin' => 
      array (
        2 => 
        array (
          'show' => '1',
          'add' => '1',
          'edit' => '1',
          'del' => '1',
        ),
      ),
      'member' => 
      array (
      ),
      'html' => 1,
      'urlrule' => 5,
    ),
    'displayorder' => '0',
    'acount' => '792',
    'mid' => 'article',
    'pcatpost' => 1,
    'topid' => '28',
    'catids' => 
    array (
      0 => '28',
    ),
    'is_post' => 1,
    'tid' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.puerwang.cn/puerchapinpai/index.html',
    'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
    'field' => 
    array (
    ),
  ),
  29 => 
  array (
    'id' => '29',
    'pid' => '0',
    'pids' => '0',
    'name' => '普洱茶评测',
    'dirname' => 'puerchapingce',
    'pdirname' => '',
    'child' => 0,
    'disabled' => '0',
    'ismain' => '1',
    'childids' => 29,
    'thumb' => '',
    'show' => '1',
    'setting' => 
    array (
      'edit' => '0',
      'linkurl' => '',
      'seo' => 
      array (
      ),
      'template' => 
      array (
        'pagesize' => '20',
        'show' => 'show.html',
        'category' => 'category.html',
        'list' => 'list.html',
        'search' => 'search.html',
      ),
      'admin' => 
      array (
        2 => 
        array (
          'show' => '1',
          'add' => '1',
          'edit' => '1',
          'del' => '1',
        ),
      ),
      'member' => 
      array (
      ),
      'html' => 1,
      'urlrule' => 5,
    ),
    'displayorder' => '0',
    'acount' => '2504',
    'mid' => 'article',
    'pcatpost' => 1,
    'topid' => '29',
    'catids' => 
    array (
      0 => '29',
    ),
    'is_post' => 1,
    'tid' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.puerwang.cn/puerchapingce/index.html',
    'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
    'field' => 
    array (
    ),
  ),
  30 => 
  array (
    'id' => '30',
    'pid' => '0',
    'pids' => '0',
    'name' => '普洱茶产品',
    'dirname' => 'puerchachanpin',
    'pdirname' => '',
    'child' => 0,
    'disabled' => '0',
    'ismain' => '1',
    'childids' => 30,
    'thumb' => '',
    'show' => '1',
    'setting' => 
    array (
      'edit' => '0',
      'linkurl' => '',
      'seo' => 
      array (
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      'template' => 
      array (
        'pagesize' => '20',
        'show' => 'show.html',
        'category' => 'category.html',
        'list' => 'list.html',
        'search' => 'search.html',
      ),
      'admin' => 
      array (
        2 => 
        array (
          'show' => '1',
          'add' => '1',
          'edit' => '1',
          'del' => '1',
        ),
      ),
      'member' => 
      array (
      ),
      'html' => 1,
      'urlrule' => 5,
    ),
    'displayorder' => '0',
    'acount' => '2598',
    'mid' => 'article',
    'pcatpost' => 1,
    'topid' => '30',
    'catids' => 
    array (
      0 => '30',
    ),
    'is_post' => 1,
    'tid' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.puerwang.cn/puerchachanpin/index.html',
    'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
    'field' => 
    array (
    ),
  ),
  31 => 
  array (
    'id' => '31',
    'pid' => '0',
    'pids' => '0',
    'name' => '普洱茶减肥',
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    'pdirname' => '',
    'child' => 0,
    'disabled' => '0',
    'ismain' => '1',
    'childids' => 31,
    'thumb' => '',
    'show' => '1',
    'setting' => 
    array (
      'edit' => '0',
      'linkurl' => '',
      'seo' => 
      array (
      ),
      'template' => 
      array (
        'pagesize' => '20',
        'show' => 'show.html',
        'category' => 'category.html',
        'list' => 'list.html',
        'search' => 'search.html',
      ),
      'admin' => 
      array (
        2 => 
        array (
          'show' => '1',
          'add' => '1',
          'edit' => '1',
          'del' => '1',
        ),
      ),
      'member' => 
      array (
      ),
      'html' => 1,
      'urlrule' => 5,
    ),
    'displayorder' => '0',
    'acount' => '601',
    'mid' => 'article',
    'pcatpost' => 1,
    'topid' => '31',
    'catids' => 
    array (
      0 => '31',
    ),
    'is_post' => 1,
    'tid' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.puerwang.cn/puerchajianfei/index.html',
    'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
    'field' => 
    array (
    ),
  ),
  32 => 
  array (
    'id' => '32',
    'pid' => '0',
    'pids' => '0',
    'name' => '普洱茶美容',
    'dirname' => 'puerchameirong',
    'pdirname' => '',
    'child' => 0,
    'disabled' => '0',
    'ismain' => '1',
    'childids' => 32,
    'thumb' => '',
    'show' => '1',
    'setting' => 
    array (
      'edit' => '0',
      'linkurl' => '',
      'seo' => 
      array (
      ),
      'template' => 
      array (
        'pagesize' => '20',
        'show' => 'show.html',
        'category' => 'category.html',
        'list' => 'list.html',
        'search' => 'search.html',
      ),
      'admin' => 
      array (
        2 => 
        array (
          'show' => '1',
          'add' => '1',
          'edit' => '1',
          'del' => '1',
        ),
      ),
      'member' => 
      array (
      ),
      'html' => 1,
      'urlrule' => 5,
    ),
    'displayorder' => '0',
    'acount' => '520',
    'mid' => 'article',
    'pcatpost' => 1,
    'topid' => '32',
    'catids' => 
    array (
      0 => '32',
    ),
    'is_post' => 1,
    'tid' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.puerwang.cn/puerchameirong/index.html',
    'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
    'field' => 
    array (
    ),
  ),
  33 => 
  array (
    'id' => '33',
    'pid' => '0',
    'pids' => '0',
    'name' => '茶商茶农',
    'dirname' => 'chashangchanong',
    'pdirname' => '',
    'child' => 0,
    'disabled' => '0',
    'ismain' => '1',
    'childids' => 33,
    'thumb' => '',
    'show' => '1',
    'setting' => 
    array (
      'edit' => '0',
      'linkurl' => '',
      'seo' => 
      array (
      ),
      'template' => 
      array (
        'pagesize' => '20',
        'show' => 'show.html',
        'category' => 'category.html',
        'list' => 'list.html',
        'search' => 'search.html',
      ),
      'admin' => 
      array (
        2 => 
        array (
          'show' => '1',
          'add' => '1',
          'edit' => '1',
          'del' => '1',
        ),
      ),
      'member' => 
      array (
      ),
      'html' => 1,
      'urlrule' => 5,
    ),
    'displayorder' => '0',
    'acount' => '1138',
    'mid' => 'article',
    'pcatpost' => 1,
    'topid' => '33',
    'catids' => 
    array (
      0 => '33',
    ),
    'is_post' => 1,
    'tid' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.puerwang.cn/chashangchanong/index.html',
    'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
    'field' => 
    array (
    ),
  ),
  34 => 
  array (
    'id' => '34',
    'pid' => '0',
    'pids' => '0',
    'name' => '茶具茶几',
    'dirname' => 'chajuchaji',
    'pdirname' => '',
    'child' => 0,
    'disabled' => '0',
    'ismain' => '1',
    'childids' => 34,
    'thumb' => '',
    'show' => '1',
    'setting' => 
    array (
      'edit' => '0',
      'linkurl' => '',
      'seo' => 
      array (
      ),
      'template' => 
      array (
        'pagesize' => '20',
        'show' => 'show.html',
        'category' => 'category.html',
        'list' => 'list.html',
        'search' => 'search.html',
      ),
      'admin' => 
      array (
        2 => 
        array (
          'show' => '1',
          'add' => '1',
          'edit' => '1',
          'del' => '1',
        ),
      ),
      'member' => 
      array (
      ),
      'html' => 1,
      'urlrule' => 5,
    ),
    'displayorder' => '0',
    'acount' => '1143',
    'mid' => 'article',
    'pcatpost' => 1,
    'topid' => '34',
    'catids' => 
    array (
      0 => '34',
    ),
    'is_post' => 1,
    'tid' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.puerwang.cn/chajuchaji/index.html',
    'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
    'field' => 
    array (
    ),
  ),
)

'/puerchawenhua/a-13075-[page].html'

''

'https://www.puerwang.cn/puerchawenhua/a-13075.html'

array (
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  'c' => 'show',
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  'm' => 'index',
)