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'功夫茶,潮汕,茶壶,茶叶,功夫,茶具,就是,壶口,治器,开水,苦涩,香味,日本,水份,直冲,宜兴,而定,单宁,鱼目,动作'

'世界上最讲究的饮茶方式功夫茶是一种饮茶方式，也是饮茶民俗。属富有地方特色的茶文化。"功夫"一词，在潮汕话中是作事方法讲究的意思。这里指烹茶品茶方法，潮汕功夫茶有一套讲究茶具、茶叶、用水、冲法、品味的茶经...'

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'2018-03-13 10:01:16'

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'<p align="center">世界上最讲究的饮茶方式</p><p>功夫茶是一种饮茶方式，也是饮茶民俗。属富有地方特色的茶文化。"功夫"一词，在潮汕话中是作事方法讲究的意思。这里指烹茶品茶方法，潮汕功夫茶有一套讲究茶具、茶叶、用水、冲法、品味的茶经。潮汕功夫茶烹治的方法，以陆羽的《茶经》为典范，而器具更为精致。炉形如截筒，高约一尺二三寸，用细白泥制造。壶以宜兴出产的为佳，圆体扁腹，弩嘴曲柄，大的可容半升多水。杯各1个，但杯的数量则视客人多少而定。此外尚有瓦铛（小砂锅）、棕垫、纸扇、竹夹。</p><p>茶具：完整的有12件：宜兴产紫砂陶壶（或本地产瓷盖瓯）、白瓷杯、锡罐（或陶罐、装茶叶用）、小砂锅（当代多用钢精）小茶锅）、茶洗（上有孔盘，有人称为茶筛，有塑料制者）、茶碟。（放茶壶或盖瓯用）、泥炉（当代多用酒精炉、煤油炉或电炉）、羽毛扇（或竹扇、煽火炉用）、龙缸（贮清水用）、水壶、风炉柜、茶橱。一般用的主要茶具如：茶壶、瓷杯、茶筛、水壶和小水锅。使用几件茶具，依各人的条件而定。</p><p>用茶：功夫茶所用茶叶，只限于半发酵的福建茗茶、溪茶和潮汕的凤凰水仙一类青茶。其他的茶叶如绿茶、红茶、砖茶等，若用功夫茶冲法，往往苦涩不堪入口，均不适合，习惯上多数人喜欢饮用福建武夷山的岩茶、乌龙茶和闽南的溪茶安县的凤凰山草丛茶和饶平县岭头的百叶草丛。</p><p>用水：功夫茶讲究用水，以山间的泉水为上等，江水为中等，井水为最差。功夫茶喜用山泉水，取其清纯无杂质。但在城镇中不易取得山泉水，只能大体取澄清的自来水。</p><p>冲泡：功夫茶出名的最重要操作。有好茶、好水和珍贵茶具，如不喜冲泡，就会全功尽废。潮汕人总结出一套"高冲低筛，刮沫、淋盖、烫杯、洗杯、筛点。每一步都有讲究。</p><p>第一：治器 　　</p><p>治器包括：起火，掏火，扇炉，洁器，候水，淋杯等六个动作。好比打太极拳中的"太极起势"，是一个预备阶段。前面四件事不必多说，这"候水"，"淋杯"都是初试功夫。大约起火后十几分钟，砂铫中就有声飕飕作响，当它的声音突然将小时，那就是鱼眼水将成了，应立即将砂铫提起，淋罐淋杯，再将砂铫置炉上。这时就是第二件事开始了。</p><p>第二：纳茶 　　</p><p>打开茶叶，把它倒在一张洁白的纸上，分别粗细，把最粗的放在罐底和滴嘴处，再将细末放在中层，又再将粗叶放在上面，纳茶的功夫就完成了。所以要这样做，因为细末是最浓的，多了茶叶容易发苦，同时也容易塞住滴嘴，分别粗细放好，就可以使出茶均匀，茶味逐渐发挥。纳茶，每一泡茶，大约以茶壶为准，放有七成茶叶在里面就很够了。如果太多，不但泡出的茶太浓，味带苦涩，面且好茶叶多是嫩芽紧卷，一泡以开水之后，舒展开来，变得很大，纳茶太多，连水也冲不进去了。但太少也不行，没有味道。纳茶是冲功夫茶的第一步功夫。神明变幻，由此起矣。</p><p>第三：候汤 　　</p><p>苏东坡煎茶诗云："蟹眼已过鱼眼生"，这就是指用这们沸度的水冲茶最好了。《茶说》云："汤者茶之司命，见其沸如鱼目，微微有声，是为三沸。铫缘涌如连珠，是为二沸。腾波鼓浪，是为三沸。一沸太稚，谓之婴儿沸；三沸太老，谓之百寿汤；若水面浮珠，声若松涛，是为二沸，正好之候也，《大观茶论》也说："凡用汤以鱼目蟹眼连锋进跃为度。</p><p>第四：冲茶 　　</p><p>当水二沸，就可以提铫冲茶了。火炉与茶壶的放置处大约刚好走七步。提铫后走了七步，揭开茶壶盖，将滚汤环壶口，缘壶边冲入，切忌直冲壶心（如用盖瓯，冲一角，然后再冲各角，可同样忌直冲壶心）。提铫宜高，所谓"高冲低洒"是也。高冲使开水有力地冲击茶叶，使茶的香味更快的挥发，由茶精迅速挥发，单宁则来不及溶解，所以茶叶才不会有涩滞。至于走七步再冲，目的在于滚水稍凉一点，以免破坏维他命C。</p><p>第五：刮沫 　　</p><p>冲水一定要满，茶壶是否"三山齐"，水平面如何，这时要见功效了，好茶壶水满后茶沫浮起，决不溢出（冲水过多，溢出壶面是另一回事），提壶盖，从壶口轻轻刮去茶沫，然后盖定。</p><p>第六：淋罐 　　</p><p>盖好壶盖，再以滚水淋于壶上。谓之淋罐。淋罐有个作用：一是使热气内外夹攻，逼使茶香精迅速挥发，追加热气；二是小停片刻，罐身水份全干，即是茶熟；</p><p>三是冲去壶外茶沫。</p><p>第七：烫杯 　　</p><p>潮州土语说是"烧盅热罐"，乃是冲功夫茶中的功夫要点。有一位吃茶专家，此老走遍东西南北，到处总结喝茶的经验，在他喝了功夫茶后说，功夫茶的特点就是一个"热"字。从煮汤到冲共饮茶都离不开这一个字，这可谓得其三昧矣。烫杯，在淋罐之后，用开水淋杯，淋杯时要注意，开水要直冲杯心。烫杯完了，添冷水于砂铫中，复置炉上，回身"洗杯"。洗杯是最富有艺术形态的动作，老手者可以同时两手洗两个杯，动作迅速，声调铿锵，姿态美妙。有一位外国朋友，也是一位茶迷，久闻功夫茶之名，不远万里，千方百计，到了中国一定要喝一次功夫茶。当他看到洗茶杯的动作时，不禁赞叹再三，说是比杂技团的功夫还要高明呢。确实，不会洗杯的人，一碰到杯便会给烫得要命，不打破杯子已是幸事，更不必说到"姿态美妙"了。杯洗完了，把杯中，盘中之水倾倒到茶洗里去，这时，茶壶的外面的水份也刚刚好被蒸发完了，正是茶熟之时。老手于此，丝毫不差，便可洒茶敬客了。</p><p>第八：洒茶 　　</p><p>几经数度功夫，最后一手就是洒茶。洒茶也有四字诀：低，快，匀，尽。"低"，就是前面说过的，"高冲低斟"的"低"。洒茶切不可高，高则香味散失，泡沫四起，对客人极不尊敬。"快"也是为了使香味不散失，且可保持茶的热度。"匀"是洒茶时必须像车轮转动一样，杯杯轮流洒匀，不可洒了一杯才洒一杯，因为茶初出色淡，后出，色浓。"匀"字是很重要的。"尽"就是不要让余水留在壶中。第一冲留一点，二三冲切切不可。洒完以后，还可把茶壶倒过来，覆放在苛垫上，使壶里之水份完全滴出，这是因为只要没有水在，单宁就不能溶解，茶就不会苦涩。</p><p>品尝：功夫茶重在品味鉴赏。闲暇时两三位良朋闲谈，品茶，捧起小杯，慢饮细酌，啜毕还以杯口移近鼻孔，品其香味，多讲究。任日本口福会会长的日籍华人陈东达教授，在其所著《饮茶纵横谈》中说："据说，日本的煎茶法来源于功夫茶的饮法。"他未作出论证，但至少说明日本茶道和潮汕功夫茶是世界上最讲究的饮茶法。</p><p>功夫茶独成一格，如果烹茶没有功夫，那也是不能叫做功夫茶了。所以功夫茶之收功全在烹茶，冲茶之法。</p><p>寻常喝茶，多无如此讲究，然暇时不妨一试。功夫茶以浓著称，茶浓则或苦涩，品饮不适，然安化黑茶茯砖、千两、天尖等清香甘醇，不涩不苦，正好一试。</p>'

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      array (
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      'member' => 
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    'tid' => 1,
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      'admin' => 
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          'del' => '1',
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      'member' => 
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      'html' => 1,
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    'is_post' => 1,
    'tid' => 1,
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      'linkurl' => '',
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      array (
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      'admin' => 
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      'member' => 
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      'html' => 1,
      'urlrule' => 5,
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    'displayorder' => '0',
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    'catids' => 
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    'is_post' => 1,
    'tid' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.puerwang.cn/chajuchaji/index.html',
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    'field' => 
    array (
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'/puerchawenhua/a-8948-[page].html'

''

'https://www.puerwang.cn/puerchawenhua/a-8948.html'

array (
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  'm' => 'index',
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